II. A Learning Planet: An Integral Knowledge by Humankind

C. Mindkind: A Global Knowledge

Zhong, Ning, et al. In Search of the Wisdom Web. Computer. November, 2002. An introduction to nine papers that explore how the World Wide Web is evolving into an intelligent, socially relevant resource.

The intelligent Web seeks to provide resources that encourage sustainable knowledge creation and scientific and social evolution. (30)

Zhong, Ning, et al, eds. Web Intelligence. Berlin: Springer, 2003. Reports on many different projects to provide the World Wide Web with greater capacities for interactive response and utility.

Zhong, Nong, et al, eds. Web Intelligence Meets Brain Informatics. Berlin: Springer, 2007. With Weibo Gong above, considerations of the intensifying convergence between neuroscience and the worldwide computer web, which, as we realize how truly like a brain it is, such attributes as listed below ought to be further enhanced.

Brain Informatics (BI) is an emerging interdisciplinary field to study human information processing mechanism systematically from both macro and micro points of view by cooperatively using experimental, computational, cognitive neuroscience and advanced WI (Web Intelligence) centric information technology. It attempts to understand human intelligence in depth, towards a holistic view at a long-term, global vision to understand the principles and mechanisms of human information processing system, with respect to functions from perception to thinking, such as multi-perception, attention, memory, language, computation, heuristic search, reasoning, planning, decision-making, problem-solving, learning, discovery and creativity. (3)

Zhuge, Hai. Discovery of Knowledge Flow in Science. Communications of the ACM. 49/5, 2006. Insightful ways to implement the worldwide e-science knowledge grid so as to enhance its productivity and in turn improve our societies. One then wonders if such “autonomous” cerebral activity on a planetary scale might achieve its own salutary learning capacity.

The knowledge flow network implicit in the citation network consists of knowledge flows between nodes (scientists) that process knowledge, including reasoning, fusing, generalizing, inventing, and problem solving, by authors and co-authors. (103) Exploring the universe and human society are great challenges of 21st century science. This article explores the dynamic nature of knowledge, the power to promote and influence the development of human society, and the future interconnection environment. It describes an important approach to automatically discovering knowledge flow networks within scientific documents and activities. Such networks embody an autonomous knowledge grid, which supports individual and cooperative scientific research, helps investigate the evolution of knowledge and disciplines, and assists in planning for scientific research development. (107)

Zhuge, Hai. The Knowledge Grid. Singapore: World Scientific, 2004. The author is a professor of computer science at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and founder of the Chinese Knowledge Grid Research Group. This frontier volume explores the epistemologies, ontologies, semantics, systems principles, scale-free network properties, and so on of national and worldwide knowledge resources. By Knowledge Grid is meant an intelligent and sustainable interconnected network that allows and empowers people and their computers to access, publish, share and manage information resources. (An introductory article by Zhuge is The Future Interconnection Environment in Computer, April 2005.) A good example is Zhuge's work on creating a virtual model of the recent SARS epidemic, reported in the Planetary Physiology section. An extended review of this important work is posted in the Recent Writings section.

Intelligence, Grid, peer-to-peer and environment represent humanity's four aspirations for the future working and living environment. The intelligence reflects humanity's pursuit of recognizing themselves and the society. The Grid reflects humanity's pursuit of optimization and system. The peer-to-peer reflects humanity's pursuit of freedom and equality. The environment reflects humanity's pursuit of understanding of nature and its harmony. (27)

Zhuge, Hai and Xiaoqing Shi. Fighting Epidemics in the Information and Knowledge Age. Computer. October, 2003. A practical example of applying intelligent information processing to combat outbreaks such as the SARS virus.

Zhuge, Hai and Xiaoqing Shi. Toward the Eco-Grid: A Harmoniously Evolved Interconnection Environment. Communications of the ACM. 47/9, 2004. Further insights on recasting the Internet into a more organic, evolutionary and dynamically responsive noosphere.

An Eco-Grid is an open worldwide interconnection environment reflecting the characteristics of natural ecological environments. (80)

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