(logo) Natural Genesis (logo text)
A Sourcebook for the Worldwide Discovery of a Creative Organic Universe
Table of Contents
Introduction
Genesis Vision
Learning Planet
Organic Universe
Earth Life Emerge
Genesis Future
Glossary
Recent Additions
Search
Submit

III. Ecosmos: A Revolutionary Fertile, Habitable, Solar-Bioplanet, Incubator Lifescape

1. Quantum Organics in the 21st Century

Ippoliti, Xiao, et al. Observation of Time-Crystalline Eigenstate Order on a Quantum Processor. arXiv:2107.13571. We cite this posting by some 100 coauthors across the USA in association with Google Quantum AI as an exemplary instance of a 21st century Quantum Organics revolution as this once arcane domain becomes treatable as any “classical” complex, network system. (By so doing both phases now meld and inform each other.) A further aspect would be the degree to which collective Earthuman sapience seems able to delve into any depth (and breadth) of an encoded ecosmic reality, so as to begin and continue on to a new, second cocreative genesis.

Quantum many-body systems display rich phase structure in their low-temperature states. However, much of nature is not in thermal equilibrium. Remarkably, it was recently predicted that out-of-equilibrium systems can exhibit novel dynamical phases such as the discrete time crystal (DTC). These active states can occur in periodic many-body systems by way of an eigenstate-order. As a result, the entire many-body spectrum exhibits quantum correlations and long-range order. Here we describe the typical spatiotemporal response of a DTC for generic initial states. These results establish a scalable approach to study non-equilibrium phases of matter on current quantum processors. (Abstract excerpt)

jaeger, Gregg, et al. Second Quantum Revolution: Foundational Questions. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A. 375/20160397, 2016. GJ, Boston University, Andrei Khrennikov, Linnaeus University, Sweden and Paolo Perinotti, University of Pavia, Italy introduce a special issue to survey this 21st century and 2010s conceptual frontier. Some papers are Quantum-like Dynamics Applied to Cognition, Contexuality in Canonical Systems, and Quantum Potentiality Revisited. See also The Second Quantum Revolution: Challenges of Molecular Chemistry by Matteo Atzori and Roberta Sessoli in the Journal of the American Chemical Society (141/29, 2019) for another use of this phrase.

Recent theoretical and experimental successes in quantum physics are considered by many to be forging a second quantum revolution. These successes clearly indicate that important quantum technological improvements are on the way. However, many important foundational issues in quantum theory have not yet been clearly resolved, e.g. the quantum measurement problem, the justification of the application of the quantum formalism for macroscopic systems, the possibility of going beyond quantum theory, quantum non-locality, the relativistic treatment of entanglement and an indisputable understanding of the probabilistic structure of Bell's argument.

Jia, Ding. Correlational Quantum Theory. arXiv:2001.03142. We cite this entry by a University of Waterloo doctoral student also associated with the Perimeter Institute for novel views of how this field might continue to advance, as the quotes say. His implication of a correlative organic cosmos would serve to bridge once and future millennia. A further notice is an employ of the “qudit” term to represent higher level combinations (search) above two “qubits.”

A correlational dialect is introduced within the quantum theory language to give a unified treatment of finite-dimensional informational/operational quantum theories, infinite-dimensional quantum field theories, and quantum gravity. Theories are written in terms of correlation diagrams which specify correlation types and strengths. Feynman diagrams emerge as topological classes of correlation diagrams without any perturbative considerations. The correlational formalism is applied in a study of correlation constraints, revealing new classes of quantum processes that evade previous characterizations of general quantum processes including quantum causal structure. (Abstract)

Quantum theory has gone through several phases of evolution. It started as the quantum mechanics of particles, and as a theory of fields. More recently the quantum theory of information has been on the rise. Will the future reveal yet new phases of quantum phenomena? Our vision is that besides particles, fields, and bits (dits), correlations should also be used as a fundamental concept in constructing quantum theories. Generally, we understand quantum correlation as anything that is mediated and has a quantifiable strength in a quantum theory. As such correlations transcend the distinction between particles and fields, which both involve mediated quantifiable correlations, and go beyond qubits, which are limited to finite dimensions). (1)

Qudit: The unit of quantum information described by a superposition of d states, where d is an integer greater than two; the generalization to base d of a qubit. (Wiktionary)

Jiang, Jinzhe, et al. Strong generalization in quantum neural networks.. Quantum Information Processing. Vol. 22. Art 428, 2023. We cite this entry by nine Inspur Electronic Information Industry Co., Jinan, China engineers as an example of how generic neural net algorithms can easily be applied to quantum phenomena. An observation might then be how similar, Rosetta ecosmos-like, whence all these procedures can be readily interchanged.

Generalization is an important feature of neural networks (Nns) as it indicates their ability to predict new and unknown data. However, classical Nns tend to overfit due to their nonlinear character, which limits generalizations. Our method combines quantum computing with Nns so to form quantum neural networks (Qnn). We show that Qnns perform almost the same on the training dataset and test dataset without overfitting. To validate our proposal, we simulate three Qnn models on public datasets and demonstrate that they have much better generalizations than classical Nns. (Excerpt)

Kirchner, Stefan, et al. Colloquium: Heavy-electron Quantum Criticality and Single-particle Spectroscopy. Reviews of Modern Physics. 92/011002, 2020. A seven person international effort from Zhejiang University, Vienna University, MPI Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and Rice University, TX provides deeply technical excursion through these newly open frontiers where strong signatures of critically poised states can again be found. For specific case, they appear in ytterbium, rhenium, silicon compositions and other complex chemicals, that is to say, innately throughout material nature.

Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) have become indispensable tools in the study of correlated quantum materials. Both probe complementary aspects of the single-particle excitation spectrum. ARPES and STM can study the electronic Green’s function, a central object of many-body theory. This review focuses on heavy-electron quantum criticality, especially the role of Kondo destruction. Particular emphasis is placed on the question of how to distinguish between the signatures of the initial onset of hybridization-gap formation, which characterizes the low-energy physics and, hence, the nature of quantum criticality. (Abstract excerpt)

I. QUANTUM CRITICALITY: Quantum phase transitions occur at zero temperature and like their finite temperature counterparts, they can be either first order or continuous. In contrast to the finite temperature case where thermal fluctuations drive the transition, quantum fluctuations, encoded already at the Hamiltonian level, are responsible for the occurrence of a quantum phase transition. If the transition is continuous, characteristic, critical scaling ensues in its vicinity which reflects the singular correlations of the ground state wave function. (3)

Kremen, Anna, et al. Imaging Quantum Fluctuations near Criticality. Nature Physics. December, 2018. We note this paper by Bar Ilan, Israel, Ohio State, and North Dakota University researchers for its frontier content and because it suggests a systemic tendency to reach a critical point.

A quantum phase transition (QPT) occurs between two competing phases of matter at zero temperature, driven by quantum fluctuations. Although the presence of these fluctuations is well established, they have not been locally imaged in space, and their dynamics has not been studied so far. We use a scanning superconducting quantum interference device to image fluctuations near the QPT from a superconductor to an insulator. We find fluctuations of the diamagnetic response in both space and time that survive well below the transition temperature, demonstrating their quantum nature. The lateral dimension of these fluctuations grows towards criticality, offering a new measurable length scale. This paves a new route for future quantum information applications. (Abstract)

Kreula, Juha, et al. Few-Qubit Quantum-Classical Simulation of Strongly Correlated Lattice Fermions. EPJ Quantum Technology. Online August, 2016. Oxford University and University of the Basque Country physicists press the frontiers of human inquires into nature’s basic realms to deeply understand, so as to take up and over a new matter-energy, space-time, information knowledge, genesis creation. See also Non-linear Quantum-Classical Scheme to Simulate Non-equilibrium Strongly Correlated Fermionic Many-body Dynamics by this group in Nature Scientific Reports (6/32940). We cite both Abstracts, and introduce this new European Physics Journal online edition.

We study a proof-of-principle example of the recently proposed hybrid quantum-classical simulation of strongly correlated fermion models in the thermodynamic limit. In a ‘two-site’ dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) approach we reduce the Hubbard model to an effective impurity model subject to self-consistency conditions. The resulting minimal two-site representation of the non-linear hybrid setup involves four qubits implementing the impurity problem, plus an ancilla qubit on which all measurements are performed. We outline a possible implementation with superconducting circuits feasible with near-future technology. (EPJ Abstract)

We propose a non-linear, hybrid quantum-classical scheme for simulating non-equilibrium dynamics of strongly correlated fermions described by the Hubbard model in a Bethe lattice in the thermodynamic limit. Our scheme implements non-equilibrium dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) and uses a digital quantum simulator to solve a quantum impurity problem whose parameters are iterated to self-consistency via a classically computed feedback loop where quantum gate errors can be partly accounted for. (NSR Abstract)

EPJ QT Aims and Scope Driven by advances in technology and experimental capability, the last decade has seen the emergence of quantum technology: a new praxis for controlling the quantum world. It is now possible to engineer complex, multi-component systems that merge the once distinct fields of quantum optics and condensed matter physics. Topics can include: Quantum measurement, complex systems, networks, cellular automata, electro & opto-mechanical systems, nanorobotics, information, communication, computation, thermodynamics, metamaterials, biology, sensing, and hybrid systems.

Laughlin, Robert. Self-Organization of Matter. http://large.stanford.edu/rbl/lectures/index.htm. A slide presentation of the Nobel laureate physicist’s conception of a different, emergent universe which is not referable to or mediated by a bottom “theory of everything.” By shifting one’s perspective toward what and whom nature can create, a dynamic materiality able to organize itself into an increasing animate complexity is revealed. Rather than a quantum arbiter down “there,” the same universal pattern and process is found “everywhere.” Also noted in Current Vistas.

The true origin of these rules is the tendency of natural systems to organize themselves according to collective principles. Many phenomena in nature are like pointillist paintings. Observing the fine details yields nothing but meaningless fact. To correctly understand the painting one must step back and view it as a whole. In this situation a huge number of imperfect details can add up to larger entities of great perfection. We call this effect in the physical world emergence. (Slide 3)

Li, Bo, et al. Quantum Clique Gossiping. Nature Scientific Reports. 8/2747, 2018. We cite from the Chinese Academy of Sciences as a current example of how quantum phenomena, long held to be remote and inexplicable, is now treated as any other classical domain. Today the same complex, dynamical networks are commonly perceived, in this case for social media information discourse. If the quantum realm remains a fundamental arbiter, what kind of cosmic reality could such cerebral, often genomic, communicative features so imply. See also Open Quantum Generalization of Hopfield Neural Networks at arXiv:1701.01727.

This paper establishes a framework of quantum clique gossiping by introducing local clique operations to networks of interconnected qubits. Cliques are local structures in complex networks being complete subgraphs, which can be used to accelerate classical gossip algorithms. Based on cyclic permutations, clique gossiping leads to collective multi-party qubit interactions. Remarkably, the use of larger quantum cliques does not necessarily increase the speed of the network density aggregation, suggesting quantum network dynamics is not entirely decided by its classical topology. (Abstract excerpt)

Li, Qiang, et al. Evolution of Quantum and Classical Strategies on Networks by Group Interactions. New Journal of Physics. 14/103034, 2012. We note this paper by Chongquig University, China, and University of Adelaide, researchers including Derek Abbott as a good example of how readily complex system phenomena are now being found in this deepest realm. See also the 2014 and 2015 volumes of the Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics for an increasing number of similar treatments.

In this paper, quantum strategies are introduced within evolutionary games in order to investigate the evolution of quantum and classical strategies on networks in the public goods game. Comparing the results of evolution on a scale-free network and a square lattice, we find that a quantum strategy outperforms the classical strategies, regardless of the network. Moreover, a quantum strategy dominates the population earlier in group interactions than it does in pairwise interactions. In particular, if the hub node in a scale-free network is occupied by a cooperator initially, the strategy of cooperation will prevail in the population. However, in other situations, a quantum strategy can defeat the classical ones and finally becomes the dominant strategy in the population. (Abstract)

Lombardi, Olimpia, et al, eds. Quantum Chaos and Complexity. Entropy. Online July, 2018. This is a Special Issue proposal by Argentine and Brazilian physicists which is open for manuscripts until December 31, 2018. We also note as a late 2010s instance of how much quantum phenomena, which retains its deep fundamental import, is yet being treated in similar nonlinear system methods to all other classical stages.

The quantum chaos field is usually defined as the study of the connection between quantum mechanics and classical chaotic behavior, in order to understand how a well-defined characterization of the stationary and dynamical aspects of classical chaos emerges, both in the energy and in the time domains. However, research on quantum chaos has certainly extended its scope during recent decades, due to the increasing discovery of connections with other disciplines in physics. It is nowadays an active field that has become of fundamental importance in the study of the properties, dynamics and control of complex quantum systems, and has found applications in a vast range of phenomena: nonlinear quantum dynamics, quantum complex networks, chaotic scattering in open systems, phase transitions in mixed quantum dynamics, Anderson localization, atoms in strong fields, and more.

Lorenzo, Salvatore, et al. Quantum Critical Scaling under Periodic Driving. Nature Scientific Reports. 7/5672, 2017. University of Palermo, Milan, Calabria, and Cologne physicists identify another occasion of physical phase transition criticality, in this case for quantum phenomena. If one might join many similar reports from evolutionary (Gilpin), animal behaviors (Popkin) and more within a worldwide vista, an infinitely recurrent in kind uniVerse to human epitome is indeed being filled in.

Universality is key to the theory of phase transitions, stating that the equilibrium properties of observables near a phase transition can be classified according to few critical exponents. These exponents rule an universal scaling behaviour that witnesses the irrelevance of the model’s microscopic details at criticality. Here we discuss the persistence of such a scaling in a one-dimensional quantum Ising model under sinusoidal modulation in time of its transverse magnetic field. We show that scaling of various quantities (concurrence, entanglement entropy, magnetic and fidelity susceptibility) endures up to a stroboscopic time proportional to the size of the system. Our results suggest that relevant features of the universality do hold also when the system is brought out-of-equilibrium by a periodic driving. (Abstract)

A paradigm of phase transitions is the concept of universality, i.e., the insensitivity to microscopic details at the critical point of many particle systems at equilibrium. Universality allows to classify phase transitions according to critical exponents, which govern the scaling of several quantities close to the critical point. A quantum many body system at zero temperature can encounter a phase transition driven by quantum fluctuations when some of its control parameters are tuned to a critical value, which in the simplest case separates an ordered from a disordered phase. (1)

Previous   1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9  Next