VIII. Earth Earns: An Open CoCreative Earthropocene to Astropocene PediaVerse

1. Mind Over Matter and Energy: Quantum, Atomic, Chemical, Astronomic Realms

Raabe, Dierk, et al. Accelerating the design of compositionally complex materials via physics-informed artificial intelligence.. Nature Computational Science. Narch, 2023. MPI Institute for Iron Research members post a thorough, illustrated survey of many ways that the latest AI machine learning capabilities can initiate and foster a new worldwise phase of radical cocreative advances. A further novel attribute is a substantial basis arising from the field of condensed matter physics. Sections include Physics-based modeling of descriptors, AI for Compositionally Complex Materials, Hybrid Methods and Active Learning in Materials Science image whence a human being sits at the center of past stochastic and future intentional planetary and multiversal contributions going forward.

In more regard, we cite this new Nature publication as it joins with Nature Materials, so as to recognize and communicate an on-going advent of these capabilities. See, for example, Evolving scattering networks for engineering disorder by Yu Sunkyu and Evolving Wave Networks for Materials Design by Jiao Yang in NCS for February 2023, along with a Guiding Element Mixing editorial. See then the April issue of Nature Materials for a Complex Element Coupling Expands Materials Capabilities companion edition.

The chemical space for designing materials is practically infinite. This makes disruptive progress by traditional physics-based modeling alone challenging. Yet, training data for identifying composition–structure–property relations by artificial intelligence are sparse. We discuss opportunities to discover new chemically complex materials by hybrid methods where physics laws are combined with artificial intelligence. (Raabe)

Complex element combinations increase the variety of microstructural features and facilitate property manipulation for materials design. This joint Focus between Nature Materials and Nature Computational Science highlights recent developments in the field and brings together experts' opinions on the opportunities in both computational methods and experimental approaches for complex element coupling. (NM, April 2023)

Ratner, Mark and Daniel Ratner. Nanotechnology: A Gentle Introduction to the Next Big Idea. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2003. A readable survey of advances in smart materials, biostructures, energy storage, optics, magnets, electronics, self-healing systems, catalysts, proteins, and so on by means of acting upon molecules and topologies in this one-billionth of a meter size. As a note, the prefix "nano" seems to have become a buzzword for any kind of novel technology.

Recio-Armengol, Erik, et al. Train on classical, deploy on quantum: scaling generative quantum machine learning.. arXiv:2503.02934.. Xanadu, Toronto, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology and Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Barcelona AI experts describe a novel method to better activate workable quantum computations by initial programming on existing devices.

We propose an approach to generative quantum machine learning that overcomes the fundamental scaling issues of variational quantum circuits. The core idea is to use a generative models based on quantum polynomial circuits which can be trained on classical hardware. We investigate a number of real and synthetic datasets, training models with up to one thousand qubits and thousands of parameters. We find that the quantum models can learn from high dimensional data, and perform well compared to classical generative models. Overall, our work demonstrates that a path to scalable quantum generative machine learning exists at large scales. (Excerpt)

Reddy, Aidan, et al. Artificial Atoms, Wigner Molecules, and an Emergent Kagome Lattice in Semiconductor Moiré Superlattices. Physics Review Letters.. 131/24, 2023. We cite this entry by MIT physicists with global collaborators as a current exemplar as novel Earthuman abilities to begin, so it seems, a new intended material cocreative futurity. See also Wigner Molecular Crystals from Multi-electron Moiré Artificial Atoms at arXiv.2312.07607 and Artificial intelligence for artificial materials: moiré atoms at 2303.08162 by this extended research group.

Semiconductor moiré superlattices comprise an array of artificial atoms and provide a highly tunable platform for exploring novel electronic phases. We introduce a theoretical framework for studying moiré quantum matter that treats intra-moiré-atom interactions. We reveal an abundance of new physics arising from strong electron interactions when there are multiple electrons within a moiré unit cell. When their size is comparable to the moiré period, the Wigner molecules form an emergent Kagome lattice. Our Letter identifies two universal length scales for the kinetic and interaction energies in moiré materials and demonstrates. (Excerpt)

Artificial atoms, such as quantum dots and superconducting qubits, exhibit discrete energy levels and provide a physical carrier of quantum information. An array of coupled artificial atoms defines an artificial solid, which may be used for quantum simulation and quantum computing. Recently, the advent of moire materials has provided a remarkably simple and robust realization of artificial solids, offering unprecedented opportunities to explore quantum phases of matter. (1)

Topological and Moiré Materials One of the exciting discoveries of recent years is the novel properties of quantum materials including surface/edge currents, quantized anomalous Hall effects, unusual symmetry breaking and unconventional superconductivity.

Ricard, Timothy, et al. Adaptive, Geometric Networks for Efficient Coarse-Grained Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics with Post-Hartree–Fock Accuracy. Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation. Online May, 2018. We cite this entry by Indiana University chemists and physicists in an American Chemical Society publication as an example of the intentional application of nature’s intrinsic dynamic topologies to newly co-create and carry forth an improved animate, beneficial materiality.

We introduce a new coarse-graining technique for ab initio molecular dynamics that is based on the adaptive generation of connected geometric networks or graphs specific to a given molecular geometry. The coarse-grained nodes depict a local chemical environment and are networked to create edges, triangles, tetrahedrons, and higher order simplexes based on (a) a Delaunay triangulation procedure and (b) a method that is based on molecular, bonded and nonbonded, local interactions. The geometric subentities thus created, that is nodes, edges, triangles, and tetrahedrons, each represent an energetic measure for a specific portion of the molecular system, capturing a specific set of interactions. (Abstract excerpt)

Rigden, John. Hydrogen: The Essential Element. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2002. A report on a growing intentional effort to move beyond the old carbon-fossil fuel economy, as part of a long “decarbonization” process, in order to achieve clean, efficient, widely available energy sources.

Ritter, Alex. Smart Materials. Basel: Birkhauser, 2007. Across Europe the frontiers of design in interior and exterior architecture are employing a plethora of novel forms of matter. For example, thermochromic and electrochromic surfaces change color and texture due to heat or current in applications from clothing to wall geometries. One gets the sense from this illustrated volume, as a case in point, of human imagination beginning to take over and evoke the latent potentials of a genesis creation.

Ritter, Robert, et al. Fabrication of Nanopores in 1 nm Thick Carbon Nanomembranes with Slow Highly Charged Ions. Applied Physics Letters. 102/063112, 2013. In this reference cited in “Extreme Atoms” in Nature’s “Quantum Atom” feature (498/22, 2013) for the 100th anniversary of Neils Bohr’s paper, European physicists from TU Wien-Vienna University of Technology, Halmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Technische Universitat Dresden, and Universitat Bielefied, seem capable, per the Abstract, of open abilities to learn about, and to then fashion material creation to our own measured betterment and purposes. Similarly, the Nature paper noted makings of “hollow, giant, antimatter, super heavy, whatever, atomic origami.” We cite as one more example of humankind’s collaborative intellect and capability to achieve a second intentional genesis.

We describe the use of slow highly charged ions as a simple tool for the fabrication of nanopores with well-defined diameters typically between 10 and 20 nm in freestanding, 1 nm thick carbon nanomembranes (CNMs). When CNMs are exposed to a flux of highly charged ions, for example Xe40+, each individual ion creates a circular nanopore, the size of which depends on the kinetic and potential energy of the impinging ion. The controlled fabrication of nanopores with a uniform size opens a path for the application of CNM based filters in nanobiotechnology. (Abstract)

Rohde, Peter. The Quantum Internet: The Second Revolution. arXiv:2501.12107. Seventeen theorists and researchers in Australia, the UK, USA, China, Finland, Japan, United Arab Emirates, Ireland and Singapore post over 370 pages of a most thorough survey of 21st century quantum phenomena to date, which then suggest an array of consequent, beneficial applications and ultimately a global neurosphere. A six page outline courses from Mathematical Foundations to Cloud Quantum Computing and onto New Frontier Essays. As another March madness now sweeps over our auspicious bioworld, at the same while a prodigious Earthica may begin to open and blaze quantum quest frontiers ton a track to a twintelligent Gaiability. See also Quantum Internet: Technologies, Protocols, and Research Challenges by Vinay Kumar, et al at arXiv:2502.01653 for another initiative.

The desire to share and unite remote digital assets facilitated the classical internet. Here we present models for quantum networking, how they might be applied, and their implications. The different scaling in the computational power of quantum computers changes the dynamics of how they will operate. We anticipate cloud quantum computing to outsource quantum computations to the network and foresee future versions united into a global virtual quantum computer. The work is divided into technical sections as well as extensive societal sections for nearer and farther understandings. (Excerpt)

Rojo-Francàs, Abel, et al. Anomalous quantum transport in fractal lattices.. Communications Physics. vol. 7/art. 259, 2024. We cite this paper by Donostia International Physics Center, Spain, Universitat de Barcelona, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, and the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology physicists for its self-similar structural content and as one more example of seemingly unlimited Earthuman technical abilities to range across these subatomic material frontiers on an intended course to initiate a new second, ecosmic cocreation.

Fractal lattices are self-similar structures with repeated patterns on different scales. Here, we study the dynamical properties of two fractal lattices, the Sierpiński gasket and the Sierpiński carpet. While the gasket exhibits sub-diffusive behavior, sub-ballistic transport occurs in the carpet, due to the systems’ spectral properties. As a technological application, we discuss a memory effect in the Sierpiński gasket which reads off the phase information of an initial state from the spatial distribution after long evolution times. (Excerpt)

In view of the computational complexity of quantum many-body physics and open quantum systems, we expect that quantum simulations with interacting particles on fractal lattices will be particularly useful and provide important new insights into exotic quantum phenomena. So far, theoretical attempts to study quantum many-body phases in fractal lattices include studies of quantum phase transitions and quantum criticality in interacting spin models, the study of interacting topological systems, in particular with respect to the fate of anyons. (6)

Rollo, Jennifer, et al. A Dynamical Systems Approach for Multiscale Synthesis of Alzheimer’s Pathogenesis.. Neuron. 111/14, 2023. University College London and University of Glasgow neurologists post and scope out, as the abstract says, to move beyond prior limitations, by new understandings of deep complexities that underlie and suffuse all manner of cerebral and actually cognitive deficits. This novel advance can reveal new insightful dimensions not possible before.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a spatially dynamic pathology that implicates a growing volume of multiscale data spanning genetic, cellular, tissue, and organ levels of the organization. These bioinformatic analyses provide clear evidence for the interactions within and between these levels. The resulting heterarchy precludes a linear neuron-centric approach and requires that they are measured so to predict their impact on the emergent dynamics of the disease. We propose a new methodology that uses non-linear dynamical systems modeling that links with a community-wide participatory platform to co-create and test system-level interventions. We argue that such an approach is essential to support the discovery of multilevel-coordinated polypharmaceutical interventions. (Abstract)

Rose, Frisco, et al.. AFLUX: The LUX Materials Search API for the AFLOW Data Repositories. Computational Materials Science. 137/362, 2017. Duke University, University of North Texas, and Central Michigan University researchers including Stefano Curtarolo study database resources to serve this incipient advent a intentional creation of beneficial material forms. See also The AFLOW Library of Crystallographic Prototypes by this group in the same journal (136/Supp. 1, 2017). As one may peruse, we note how much this approach is broadly similar to genomic curations in journals such as Nucleic Acids Research and Database.

Automated computational materials science frameworks rapidly generate large quantities of materials data for accelerated materials design. In order to take advantage of these large databases, users should have the ability to efficiently search and extract the desired data. Therefore, we have extended the data-oriented AFLOW-repository Application-Program-Interface (API) to enable programmatic access to search queries. A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)-based search API is proposed for the construction of complex queries for remote creation and retrieval of customized data sets. It is expected that the new language, AFLUX, from “Automatic Flow of LUX (light)”, will enable remote search operations on the AFLOW set of computational materials science data repositories. In addition, AFLUX facilitates the verification and validation of the data in the AFLOW repositories. (Abstract)

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