II. Pedia Sapiens: A Planetary Progeny Comes to Her/His Own Twintelligent Gaiable Knowledge

B. The Spiral of Science: Manican to American to Earthicana Phases

Scharnhorst, Andrea, et al, eds. Models of Science Dynamics: Encounters between Complexity Theory and Information Sciences. Berlin: Springer, 2012. With coeditors Katy Börner and Peter van den Besselaar, a contribution to this frontier of global online collaborations in search of a theoretical basis via dynamical network interactions. Typical papers such as “Evolutionary Game Theory and Complex Networks of Scientific Information” by Matthias Hanauske, “Agent-Based Models of Science,” Nicolas Payette, and “Citation Networks” by Filippo Radicchi, Santo Fortunato and Alessandro Vespignani, well give an impression that emergent worldwide science proceeds by the same self-organizing, complex adaptive systems at work everywhere else.

Scheffer, Marten, et al. Dual Thinking for Scientists. Ecology and Society. 20/2, 2015. Eleven ecologists including Jordi Bascompte, Pablo Marquet, and Frances Westley advocate this popular view of two ways to learn and know READ toward for more effective endeavors. As Complementary Brain and Thought Process documents, our cerebral cognition is found to employ both a fast, fact, item based mode based on past experience, and a slower holistic intuitive option for novel, unfamiliar events. In order to properly cope with and respond to extremes of warming, variable regional and biospheric climates, a more open, flexible and creative approach is vital, well served by a bicameral balance. See also Fast and Slow Thinking of Networks by Peter Csermely (2015) for a similar view and recommendation.

Recent studies provide compelling evidence for the idea that creative thinking draws upon two kinds of processes linked to distinct physiological features, and stimulated under different conditions. In short, the fast system-I produces intuition whereas the slow and deliberate system-II produces reasoning. System-I can help see novel solutions and associations instantaneously, but is prone to error. System-II has other biases, but can help checking and modifying the system-I results. Although thinking is the core business of science, the accepted ways of doing our work focus almost entirely on facilitating system-II. We discuss the role of system-I thinking in past scientific breakthroughs, and argue that scientific progress may be catalyzed by creating conditions for such associative intuitive thinking in our academic lives and in education. Unstructured socializing time, education for daring exploration, and cooperation with the arts are among the potential elements. Because such activities may be looked upon as procrastination rather than work, deliberate effort is needed to counteract our systematic bias. (Abstract)

Schlitz, Marilyn, et al. Worldview Transformation and the Development of Social Consciousness. Journal of Consciousness Studies. 17/7-8, 2010. As the per abstract below, the Institute of Noetic Science president wisely advocates that an imperative universe change will need be facilitated by new modes of community cerebration and cognition. Dr. Schlitz also presented this frontier work at the 2010 Integral Theory Conference, (Google) where many similar paper abstracts can be accessed.

In this paper, we examine how increasing understanding and explicit awareness of social consciousness can develop through transformations in worldview. Based on a model that emerged from a series of qualitative and quantitative studies on worldview transformation, we identify five developmental levels of social consciousness: embedded, self-reflexive, engaged, collaborative, and resonant. As a person’s worldview transforms, awareness can expand to include each of these levels, leading to enhanced prosocial experiences and behaviors. Increased social consciousness can in turn stimulate further transformations in worldview. We then consider an educational curriculum to facilitate the understanding of worldview and the cultivation of social consciousness as core capacities for 21st century students and global citizens. (18)

Schutt, Kristof, et al, eds. Machine Learning Meets Quantum Physics. International: Springer, 2020. The six editors of meeting papers about this auspicious synthesis are from central Europe and Japan. Some articles are Kernel Methods for Quantum Chemistry, Neural Networks, Atomic Scale Properties based on Physical Principles, Physical Extrapolation of Quantum Observables and Deep Learning of Atomistic Representations. While a 20th century quantum version is still an arcane mystery, into the 21st century this deepest domain is now amenable to macro-classical phase neural network analysis and operation. In a philoSophia view, composite human agency indeed seems made, empowered and meant to take up a new ecosmic cocreation going forward.

Designing new molecules and materials requires the ability to calculate microscopic properties such as energies, forces and electrostatic multipoles, as well as forming macroscopic qualities. A way to do this is by first-principle calculations rooted in quantum and statistical mechanics, they come with a high computational cost. To overcome this, there have been increased efforts to enhance quantum simulations with machine learning (ML) techniques. This book emerged from a series of workshops so to give a snapshot of this rapidly developing field. The book has five parts (Fundamentals, Incorporating Prior Knowledge, Deep Learning of Atomistic Representations, Atomistic Simulations and Discovery and Design), each prefaced by editorial commentary for a broader scientific context.

Schweber, Stephen. The Metaphysics of Science at the End of a Heroic Age. Cohen, Robert, et al, eds. Experimental Metaphysics. Norwood, MA: Kluwer Academic, 1995. As the scientific endeavor reaches the shores of cosmic closure, its reductive, pragmatic method seems not able to remember from whence it came, what the mission was or recognize an organic genesis it has discovered.

Seamon, David and Arthur Zajonc, eds. Goethe’s Way of Science. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1998. Perceptive essays toward reviving the Romantic vision of a fertile creation suffused with archetypal patterns and purpose.

Shao, Helen, et al. Finding Universal Relations in Subhalo Properties with Artificial Intelligence. arXiv:2109.04484. We cite this entry by ten astrophysicists posted at Princeton, Flatiron Inst., Columbia, U. Connecticut, Harvard, U. Edinburgh, U. Western Cape, RSA, U. Florida, and MIT including Mark Vogelsberger for its advancing technical content and as an example of how we peoples as an Earthificial phenomenon can proceed to explore, quantify and learn about any celestial expanse. Indeed curious, collaborative peoples can readily do this to such a degree that we might see ourselves as carrying out some ecosmic function of self-comprehension.

We use a generic formalism designed to search for relations in high-dimensional spaces to determine if the total mass of a subhalo can be predicted from other internal properties such as velocity dispersion, radius, or star-formation rate. We train neural networks using data from the Cosmology and Astrophysics with MachinE Learning Simulations (CAMELS) project and show that the model can predict the total mass of a subhalo with high accuracy. The networks exhibit extrapolation properties which can accurately predict the total mass of any type of subhalo and related galaxy at any redshift with different cosmologies, astrophysics models, subgrid physics, volumes, and resolutions, indicating that the network may have found a universal relation. (Abstract excerpt)

Shapin, Stephen. The Scientific Revolution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996. The book contains an excellent bibliography on the entire subject of both overviews and specific disciplines.

Shepherd, Linda. Lifting the Veil: The Feminine Face of Science. Boston: Shambhala, 1993. In contrast to a divisive, masculine science, an empathic, relational alternative is advised by way of chapters entitled Receptivity, Subjectivity, Nurturing, Cooperation, Relatedness, and so on.

I believe that the Feminine in each of us - the part of us that sees life in context, the interconnectedness of everything, and the consequences of our actions on future generations - can help heal the wounds of the planet. (1)

Silva, Filipi, et al. Using Network Science and Text Analytics to Produce Surveys in a Scientific Topic. arXiv:1506.05690. Posted on the same day as Gregely Palla above (1506.05661), University of Sao Paulo physicists, including Luciano da F. Costa, again attest to the presence of universal complex dynamics at work in this collaborative milieu.

Sinha, Pawan, et al. Autism as a Disorder of Prediction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 111/15220, 2014. Eight neuroscientists from Boston and New Delhi contend that this multifaceted syndrome is in much part due to an inability to make sensible connections between object things or past to future events. As I was reading, it dawned that this condition could well characterize the state of natural science, such as physical cosmology and evolutionary theory. These male left brain pursuits seem unable to connect dots or even imagine any encompassing, independent spatial or temporal patterns and purpose. We seem to be an autistic planetary species consumed by violent conflict of all against all that seems incapable of any whole brain, feminine, emphatic vision.

A rich collection of empirical findings accumulated over the past three decades attests to the diversity of traits that constitute the autism phenotypes. It is unclear whether subsets of these traits share any underlying causality. This lack of a cohesive conceptualization of the disorder has complicated the search for broadly effective therapies, diagnostic markers, and neural/genetic correlates. In this paper, we describe how theoretical considerations and a review of empirical data lead to the hypothesis that some salient aspects of the autism phenotype may be manifestations of an underlying impairment in predictive abilities. With compromised prediction skills, an individual with autism inhabits a seemingly “magical” world wherein events occur unexpectedly and without cause. Immersion in such a capricious environment can prove overwhelming and compromise one’s ability to effectively interact with it. If validated, this hypothesis has the potential of providing unifying insights into multiple aspects of autism, with attendant benefits for improving diagnosis and therapy. (Abstract)

Sirocko, Franko, et al. The Climate of Past Interglacials. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2007. The work is Volume 7 in the “Developments in Quaternary Science” series, a recent age defined as: “Of or belonging to the geologic time, system of rocks, or sedimentary deposits of the second period of the Cenozoic Era, from the end of the Tertiary Period through the present, characterized by the appearance and development of humans and including the Pleistocene and Holocene epochs.” We note this project by European geologists in wonderment as to what kind of universe evolves a collaborative sentient capacity able to reconstruct how it and we came into being and becoming.

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