II. Pedia Sapiens: A Planetary Progeny Comes to Her/His Own Twintelligent Gaiable Knowledge

C. Earthica Learns as a Symbiotic Person/Planet, Collaborative Ecosmo Sapience

Sanin, Cesar, et al. Decisional DNA: A Multi-Technology Shareable Knowledge Structure for Decisional Experience. Neurocomputing. 88/1, 2012. An eight person team originally from China, Columbia, Spain, and Poland, now at the University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia, under the direction of coauthor Edward Szcerbicki, cleverly propose that the double helix genetic structure, which nature knew best to avail, can in fact provide a valuable model for more effective knowledge systems. In so doing an intriguing, iconic parallel is set up whence resultant computational programs become similarly genomic in kind.

Knowledge representation and engineering techniques are becoming useful and popular components of hybrid integrated systems used to solve complicated practical problems in different disciplines. These techniques offer features such as: learning from experience, handling noisy and incomplete data, helping with decision making, and predicting capabilities. In this paper, we present a multi-domain knowledge representation structure called Decisional DNA that can be implemented and shared for the exploitation of embedded knowledge in multiple technologies. Decisional DNA, as a knowledge representation structure, offers great possibilities on gathering explicit knowledge of formal decision events as well as a tool for decision making processes. Its applicability is shown in this paper when applied to different decisional technologies. The main advantages of using the Decisional DNA rely on: (i) versatility and dynamicity of the knowledge structure, (ii) storage of day-to-day explicit experience in a single structure, (iii) transportability and shareability of the knowledge, and (iv) predicting capabilities based on the collected experience. (Abstract)

Scharl, Arno and Klaus Tochtermann, eds. The Geospatial Web. London: Springer, 2007. With a subtitle of How Geobrowsers, Social Software and the Web 2.0 are Shaping the Network Society, the book tours in 25 chapters a virtual worldwide cerebral faculty in formation. Search and access paths include NASA World Wind, Google Earth, and Microsoft Live Local 3D. In our midst, largely unbeknownst, at our service, is a fertile, burgeoning source of knowledge, discovery, visualization, and community. If we might all freely and fully implement, which web practitioners are striving toward, here may lie common solutions for a fragmenting world.

Schimmelpfennig, Robin, et al. Paradox of Diversity in the Collective Brain. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. December, 2021. University of Lancaster, McGill University and London School of Economics social psychologists entertain another way to appreciate how our intense homo and anthropo sapience can actually be seen to take on a measure of their own integral intelligence. Yet on this January 27, a military invasion of Russia into the Ukraine seems imminent, whose effect will spread across Europe, the USA and may be the death of us. History if forgotten, men ever “think with tanks,” rather than in “think tanks,” i.e. seek to find better ways to live together on a finite Earthmost abide.

Human societies are collective brains. People within every society have cultural brains—brains that have evolved to seek out adaptive knowledge and socially transmit solutions. The rate of communication is a function of a society's size and interconnectedness, the fidelity of information transfer and cultural trait diversity, which affects possible solutions for recombination. Here, we focus on the ‘paradox of diversity’—that cultural trait varation offers the most potential for empowering betterment, but also poses challenges at organizational and societal phases. (Abstract)

Shafik, Rishad and Alex Yakovlev. Harmonizing Energy-Autonomous Computing and Intelligence. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A. 378/0594, 2019. Newcastle University scientists introduce a special issue about an Internet of Things whence all manner of digital devices, networks, data flow, identifiers, watchers become hyper-connected. For example, see Boolean Satisfiability in Quantum Compilation by Mathias Soeken, et al, Energy-driven Computing by Sivert Sliper, et al, A Semi-Holographic Hyperdimensional Representation System for Cognitive Computing by A. Serb, et al, and Markov Blankets, Information Geometry and Stochastic Thermodynamics by Thomas Parr, et al (Abstract below). As readers know, this AI transition is fraught with issues – how to balance better connectivity, computational resources, smart cities with worse dangers of surveillance and control, and so on.

The dramatic spread of computing systems at the scale of trillions leads to their pervasive penetration into the real world. As such, the way they are designed and maintained requires not only inventing new methodologies but rethinking the philosophy behind the creative processes employed by engineers and theoreticians. Autonomous sourcing and managing energy in electronic circuits and harmonizing them for reliable and maintenance-free operation are central to enable this ICT revolution. This theme issue covers a wide spectrum of challenges and opportunities for the theory and practices of design, modelling and validation of new generation computing systems. (Synopsis)

Shiffrin, Richard and Katy Borner. Mapping Knowledge Domains. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 101/Supplement 1, 2004. An introduction to 19 articles from a NAS colloquium on this subject: “…charting, mining, analyzing, sorting, enabling navigation of, and displaying knowledge,” as it appears in Internet postings and journal publications. These documents are seen by contributors to take the self-similar form of scale-free complex networks.

Silk, J. W. Ferry, et al. Phylogenetic Classification of the World’s Tropical Forests. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 115/1837, 2018. We cite this entry for its notable content and as an example of today’s worldwide collaborative studies. Over 200 coauthors are listed from every continent and many scientific fields, the lead name above is at the University of Brunei. But this epic 21st century shift from homo individuals to an anthropo person/sapiensphere, quite a major evolutionary transition, remains unrecognized because in the main (male) paradigm, no such anything exists or is going on by itself.

Identifying and explaining regional differences in tropical forest dynamics, structure, diversity, and composition are critical for anticipating region-specific responses to global environmental change. Floristic classifications are of fundamental importance for these efforts. Here we provide a global tropical forest classification that is explicitly based on community evolutionary similarity, resulting in identification of five major tropical forest regions and their relationships: (i) Indo-Pacific, (ii) Subtropical, (iii) African, (iv) American, and (v) Dry forests. African and American forests are grouped, reflecting their former western Gondwanan connection, while Indo-Pacific forests range from eastern Africa and Madagascar to Australia and the Pacific. The connection between northern-hemisphere Asian and American forests is confirmed, while Dry forests are identified as a single tropical biome. (Significance)

Singh, Chakresh and Shivakumar Jolad. Structure and Evolution of Indian Physics Co-authorship Networks. arXiv:1801.05400. By virtue of our 2010s global Internet communication, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, researchers are able to review the past century of Indian physicist publications in American Physical Society journals. By this vista, an intrinsic presence of power law topologies becomes evident. May we then retrospectively imagine the ongoing worldwide formation of a global brain, and consequent collaborative learning endeavor?

Sloman, Steven and Philip Fernbach. The Knowledge Illusion: Why We Never Think Alone. New York: Riverhead Books, 2017. Steven Sloman is a professor of cognitive, linguistic, and psychological sciences at Brown University, and editor in chief of the journal Cognition. Philip Fernbach is a cognitive scientist and professor of marketing at the University of Colorado’s Leeds School of Business. We note because the popular book is a well-argued and referenced advocacy of an informative collective, public repository that we individuals both contribute to while drawing from it. A persons is not an isolate, walking oracle, rather we would do well to fully realize and avail this communal, worldwide capacity.

We all think we know more than we actually do. How have we achieved so much despite understanding so little? Cognitive scientists Steven Sloman and Philip Fernbach argue that we survive and thrive despite our mental shortcomings because we live in a rich community of knowledge. The key to our intelligence lies in the people and things around us. We’re constantly drawing on information and expertise stored outside our heads: in our bodies, our environment, our possessions, and the community with which we interact—and usually we don’t even realize we’re doing it. The fundamentally communal nature of intelligence and knowledge explains why we often assume we know more than we really do, why political opinions and false beliefs are so hard to change, and why individually oriented approaches to education and management frequently fail. This book contends that true genius can be found in the ways we create intelligence using the world around us.

Smart, Paul. The Web-Extended Mind. Metaphilosophy. 43/4, 2012. In a special issue Toward a Philosophy of the Web, a University of Southampton, UK, computer scientist advises that we surely need an overview and oversight for this burgeoning technological envelope and cognitive presence. In regard, a proper avail and reach of the “extended mind hypothesis” (search Andy Clark, Richard Menary), that as such social beings, human cognition seems to take place beyond bodily brains, to its present worldwide Internet scale ought to provide a good basis.

This article attempts to explore the notion of the Web-extended mind. It first provides an overview of cognitive extensions and the extended mind hypothesis, and it then goes on to discuss the possibility of Web-based forms of cognitive extension involving current or near-future technologies. It is argued that while current forms of the Web may not be particularly suited to the realization of Web-extended minds, new forms of user interaction technology as well as new approaches to information representation on the Web provide promising new opportunities for Web-based forms of cognitive extension. (447)

Sole, Ricard, et al. Synthetic Collective Intelligence. BioSystems. Online February, 2016. A six member team of Barcelona systems theorists including Salva Duran-Nebreda extol how the major transitions scale reveals life’s evolution as a persistent self-organizational of a societal cognizance from microbes onto us. Akin to Sole’s 2016 SFI Working Paper on Synthetic Transitions (search), a definitive course, via divisions of labor, toward emergent, nonlinear, multistable neural capabilities is robustly evident.

Intelligent systems have emerged in our biosphere in different contexts and achieving different levels of complexity. The requirement of communication in a social context has been in all cases a determinant. The human brain, probably co-evolving with language, is an exceedingly successful example. Similarly, social insects complex collective decisions emerge from information exchanges between many agents. Computational models and embodied versions using non-living systems have been used to explore the potentiality of collective intelligence. Here we suggest a novel approach to the problem grounded in the genetic engineering of unicellular systems, which can be modified in order to interact, store memories or adapt to external stimuli in collective ways. What we label as Synthetic Swarm Intelligence defines a parallel approach to the evolution of computation and swarm intelligence and allows to explore potential embodied scenarios for decision making at the microscale. (Abstract)

Sperber, Dan, ed. Metarepresentations. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. Conference papers which explore the concept and presence of a collectively embodied and stored knowledge.

Spivack, Nova. Collective Intelligence 2.0. www.mindingtheplanet.net. A January 24, 2006 posting which proposes the development of a Internet Metaweb as a globally self-aware, cerebral faculty capable of learning in its own. Its common, palliative knowledge would then be immediately accessible to everyone. By intentionally facilitating such a cognitive capability, even a memory and thought process, an interactive, salutary realm of a “collective mind of humanity” emerges over the earth. The website is also a portal for the visionary concepts of Nova Spivack, a web innovator, entrepreneur and grandson of Peter Drucker.

By providing such a service, we can catalyze the evolution of higher-order meta-intelligence on this plane – the next step in human evolution. Creating this system is a grand cultural project of profound social value to all people on earth, now and in the future. (3)

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