Recent Additions: New and Updated Entries in the Past 60 Days
Displaying entries 16 through 30 of 77 found.

Ecosmos: A Revolutionary Fertile, Habitable, Solar-Bioplanet, Incubator Lifescape

Touil, Akram, et al. Consensus About Classical Reality in a Quantum Universe.. arXiv:2503.14791. Los Alamos National Laboratory theorists led by Wojciech Zurek discuss a latest version of his Quantum Darwinism (search WZ) which has been growing in veracity and evidence since the 1990s.

Quantum Darwinism recognizes that decoherence imprints redundant records of quasi-classical pointer states on the environment which are then accessed by observers. We quantify consensus using information-theoretic measures to assess the correlation between the records available to observers. We then test proposed measures of consensus in a solvable model of decoherence as well as in a many-body system. These results provide novel understandings of how our classical world arises from the fundamentally quantum Universe we inhabit. (Abstract)

Zurek, Wojciech. Decoherence and Quantum Darwinism: From Quantum Foundations to Classical Reality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2025.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2025. The Los Alamos National Laboratory physicist gifts us, after some decades of collegial consideration, with a book length version of his deeply insightful theories. As the quotes say, we seem to abide in and emerge from a stochastic evolutionary process of many called and few (self) chosen writ large, which into the 2020s is being widely realized. One wonders if it even applies to candidate, sentient bioplanets like our own.

The measurement problem has been a central puzzle of quantum theory since its inception, and understanding how the classical world emerges from our essential quantum universe is key to its resolution. Here Zurek builds on the physics of decoherence and introduces the theory of 'Quantum Darwinism' to provide a novel account of the emergence of classical reality. Part II explores decoherence and its role in the quantum-to-classical transition. Part III introduces Quantum Darwinism to explain how an information-theoretic perspective complements, elucidates, and reconciles 20th century interpretations.

Quantum Darwinism is a theory meant to explain the emergence of the classical world from quantum origins by a process akin to Darwinian natural selection induced by the environment whereby many possible quantum states are selected in favor of a stable measured or recorded state.

Osipova, Anastasiia and Sergey Pilipenkoar. On the maximal velocity of collid ing galaxies. arXiv:2502.16337.. We cite this entry by Astro Space Center of the Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow researchers for its content and as an example of how Earthuman scientific endeavors seem to be moved to learn all about any breadth and depth of our congested spacescape wherever they can. See also Merging of spiral galaxies by Alexander Khoperskov, et al at arXiv:2502.16642 and Toward a Modified Framework for Explaining Cosmic Structure Formation and Evolution by Robert Nyagisera, et al. in Astronomy (3/1, 2024)
for another instance.

In the current galaxy formation paradigm, collisions play a crucial role. A fraction of them are flyby events, and a galaxy that has passed through another galaxy is called a backsplash occasion. One signature of these incidents is that they have high velocities relative to their environment. In this paper, we develop such a theory based on the Zel'dovich approximation and use it to determine the maximal expected velocity of a galactic intersect.

Roshan, Rishav and Graham White. Using gravitational waves to see the first second of the Universe.. Reviews of Modern Physics. 97/015001, 2025. We cite this entry by University of Southampton astronomers as another example of the seemingly infinite telescopic and microscopic extent and range of our Earthuman collaborative, instrumental, AI computational compass. How can a minute yet sentient neurosphere be able to view and learn all about the very origins of the multiUniVerse milieu that it has arisen from? One must then ask, what larger ecosmic purpose can these quantified representations serve?

Gravitational waves are a unique probe of the early Universe when it is transparent to gravitational radiation all the way back its original inflation. This review summarizes detection prospects and the wide scope of primordial events that could lead to a detectable stochastic gravitational wave background. The range of strategies for its detection is first overviewed before the review delves into major primordial events. (Abstract)

Teague, Richard. Focus on exoALMA. Astrophysical Journal Letters. April 2025.. Astrophysical Journal Letters. April, 2025. This entry is meant to record a major release and posting of results from this large worldwide project which was just completed. Search the arXiv preprint site where this cover item and many specific reports such as I. Science Goals, Project Design, and Data Products, exoALMA. III. System Property Extraction from Protoplanetary Disks and exoALMA. XVI. Predicting Signatures of Large-scale Turbulence in Protoplanetary Disks are available.

Planet formation appears to be a ubiquitous process which takes place in the gas- and dust-rich protoplanetary disks that encircle newly formed stars. Detailing these physical and chemical processes is vital to understand the diversity of mature planetary systems that we (Earthumanity) have found. The goal of the exoALMA program was to conduct deep spatial and spectral observations of fifteen sources to map out the gas distribution and dynamical state of the disks with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). The following Letters describe the developments in methodology and analysis necessary to interpret these data and consequent findings.

The Atacama Large Millimeter Array is an astronomical interferometer of 66 radio telescopes in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile, which observe electromagnetic radiation. ALMA provides insight on star birth during the early Stelliferous era, along with local star and planet formation. The project is an international partnership amongst Europe, the United States, Canada, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Chile.

Szigeti, Balazs, et al. Can universe rotation solve the Hubble Puzzle? Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 538/4, 2025. We cite this entry by Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest and University of Hawaii astrophysicists as an April example of Earthuman abilities to cast our collaborative quantifications to the whole evolutionary ecosmos by which to recognize its movements. How fantastic is it then that a planetary species on a tiny mote can personally and on a planetarity scale explore and learn about such vast reaches. Who are we Earthlings, what is Earthica’s spaceplace, and for what phenomenal reason are we moved and capable to do this?

For a further contrast, we note this paper, Lunar Occultations of Planets and Eclipses of Jupiter's Satellites by the Edinburgh Observatory, in volume 4 of this British journal from 1838 and 187 years later Structure growth in f (Q) cosmology by Shambel Sahlu, Álvaro de la Cruz-Dombriz and Amare Abebe in a 2025 edition (539/2).

The discrepancy between low and high redshift Hubble constant H0 measurements is the highest significance tension within the concordance Lambda cold dark matter paradigm. If not due to unknown systematics, the Hubble Puzzle suggests a lack of understanding of the universe’s expansion history despite the otherwise success of the theory. We show that a Gödel inspired slowly rotating dark-fluid variant of the concordance model resolves this tension.

The Hubble tension, the inconsistency of the late and early time measurements of the universe’s expansion rate, emerges as a chink in the Lambda cold dark matter (⁠ΛCDM) model The discrepancy has reached a 5σ significance between cepheid-calibrated local supernovae and the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The idea that everything revolves naturally extends to the whole universe, based on recent claims of anisotropic Hubble expansion in X-ray observation. (Sample quotes)

Trivedi, Oem and Robert Scherrer. The long freeze: an asymptotically static universe from holographic dark energy.. arXiv:2409.11420. Ahmedabad University, India and Vanderbilt University, USA astroscientists conceive another instance whereby our collective human intellect is presently able to explore, quantify and imagine an entire multiversal scenario. Yet again though an ecosmo sapiens identity is ap, we peoples are not factored in as a phenomenal, cocreative, pivotal phase.

We show that some holographic dark energy models can lead to a future evolution of the universe in which the scale factor is asymptotically constant and the corresponding energy and pressure densities vanish. We provide examples of such models and general conditions that can lead to an asymptotically static universe, which we have called the “long freeze." (Abstract)

Aerts, Diederik, et al. From Quantum Cognition to Conceptuality Interpretation II. arXiv:2412.19809. Vrije Universiteit Brussels and University of Udine, Italy continue to finesse their innovative theories as by which quantum-like phenomena is seen in effect in psychological, social and literary domains. See also The physics and metaphysics of the conceptuality interpretation of quantum mechanics by Aerts, D. and Sassoli de Bianchi, M. at arXiv:2310.10684 for an earlier edition and The cognitive triple-slit experiment at arXiv:2505.05497 for a latest version.

An overview of the conceptuality interpretation of quantum mechanics is presented, along with how it sheds light on key quantum and relativistic phenomena. We propose that it clarifies Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, entanglement-based nonlocality, superposition, delayed choice experiments, quantum measurements and more. Finally, we suggest that it outlines the intellectual trajectory leading from applications of quantum notions to human cognition. This article is the second in a two-part series whereof the first is 2412.06799. (Excerpt)

Elshatlawy, Hatem, et al. Towards a Generalized Theory of Observers. arXiv:2504.16225. University of Sydney, Wolfram Institute for Computational Foundations of Science and the MPI History of Science including Dean Rickles and Xerxes Arsiwalla provide a most extensive historical and current survey to date of the effect that personal observers may have on the physical reality, broadly conceived, from which they arise and . In turn, they course from Wheelers’ participants, Varela’s autopoiesis, Zurek’s Darwinism, quantum Bayesism, Wolframs programs and more. It then becomes quite evident is that as entities witness, recognize and record, they actually can have a discernible influence. See also The Morphospace of Consciousness: Three Kinds of Complexity for Minds and Machines by Xerxes Arsiwalla, et al in NeuroSci (MDPI, 4/2, 2023).

We propose a formal basis for verifying the concept of observers across physics, computer science, and philosophy. Here we introduce an operational definition of minimal observers and explore their role in shaping basic concepts. Drawing upon insights from quantum gravity, digital physics, cybernetics, and ruliological pregeometries, we argue that observers serve as an indispensable function for measurement, reference frames, and the emergence of meaning. (Excerpt)

In sum, recognizing observation as a fundamental, feedback-driven process constrained by boundary definitions, state transitions, and sensor-actuator loops—offers a powerful lens for explaining measurement, emergent complexity, and the construction of meaning. We hope this work will inspire further efforts across disciplines to refine and adopt the minimal observer framework, illuminating the deep interweave of cognition, physics, computation, and philosophy in shaping our understanding of reality. (41)

Zuchowski, Lena. From Randomness and Entropy to the Arrow of Time. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2024. A University of Bristol theorist contributes a volume to the CUP Elements in the Philosophy of Physics series which provides some latest clarifications about how life, persons and bioplanet fly away from chaos toward open creativity.

This Element reconstructs, analyses and compares different routes to ground the Arrow of Time in entropy. Three main aspects are the Empirical Arrow of Time, the Universal Statistical Arrow of Time and the Local Statistical Arrow of Time. The text will demonstrate it is unlikely that high entropy states will always coincide with visible disorder. Therefore, it will dispute that there is a strong link between the Arrow of Time and visible disorder.

Campbell, Steve, et al.. Roadmap on Quantum Thermodynamics. arXiv:2504.20145.. arXiv:2504.20145. This entry by some 80 authorities such as Janet Anders and Nicole Yunger Halpern has 24 comprehensive topical sections with 350 references. It is to appear as a "Focus on Thermodynamics in Quantum Coherent Platforms" in the Quantum Science and Technology journal.

The last two decades has seen quantum thermodynamics become an established field of research in its own right. In that time, it has demonstrated a broad applicability from foundational advances in how thermodynamic principles apply at the nano-scale and in the presence of quantum coherence, to a basic guide for the development of efficient quantum devices. This document provides an overview across many of the field's sub-disciplines, assessing the key challenges and a guide for its near term progress. (Abstract)

Parra, R. Gonzalo, et al. Frustration in Physiology and Molecular Medicine. .. arXiv:2502.03851. As an example of worldwise autocatalysis studies this year, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, UC San Diego, Rice University, Houston and Universidad de Buenos Aires including Peter Wolynes identify and factor in this title condition which is now known to commonly occur during protein biochemical reactivities. Life’s amino acids affect every aspect of growth and metabolism through myriad forms and functions which are newly being quantified and created by Nobel worthy AlphaFold programs and other algorithms.

The integral veracity of these 2025 reports could be served by a retrospect of this collegial project, as these citations may convey: Spin glasses and the statistical mechanics of protein folding by J. Bryngelson and P. Wolynes, November 1987 and Optimal protein-folding codes from spin-glass theory by R. Goldstein, Z. Luthey-Schulz and P G Wolynes, June 1992, as they drew on statistical physics and complexity sciences at the time to quantify life’s proteinverse. See also Frustration, dynamics and catalysis by R. Gonzalo Parra and Diego Ferreiro at arXiv:2505.00600 for another version.

Molecules provide the ultimate language to understand physiology and pathology. Myriad proteins perform chemical activities coordinating the life of cells as dynamic ensembles formed by folding the polypeptide chains. It is apparent that when folded, not all conflicting interactions have been resolved so the structure remains "locally frustrated". Over It has by now has clear that this state is not random but an essential factor. Here we review the physical origins of the frustration concept and evidence that this condition is vital for physiology, protein recognition, catalysis and allostery. Finally we explore extensions of frustration to higher systems including gene regulatory networks and the neural networks. (2502.03851)

The controlled dissipation of chemical potentials is the basic way that cells make a living. Enzyme-mediated catalysis allows the various transformations to proceed at relevant rates with precision and efficiency. Theory, experiments and computational studies show that local frustration is a useful concept to relate protein dynamics with catalytic power. These biological dynamics are then found to be tuned by the protein sequences that modulate the local frustration patterns. (2505.00600)

Peter Wolynes is an American theoretical chemist and physicist. Since 2011 he has been a Professor of Science and Chemistry at Rice University in Houston. He is widely recognized for significant lifetime contributions to understandings of complex protein folding, spin glasses, and gene networks.