III. Ecosmos: A Revolutionary Fertile, Habitable, Solar-Bioplanet, Incubator Lifescape

1. Quantum Organics in the 21st Century

Campaio;i, Francesco, et al. Quantum Master Equations: Quantum Optics, Quantum Computing, and Beyond. PRX Quantum. 5/020202, 2024. An entry by RMIT University, Melbourne and University of Padua physicists to exemplify how this once arcane, prohibitive domain has now attained a current facile vernacular which is taught in high schools. See also Hyperdimensional Quantum Factorization by Prathyush Poduval, et al at arXiv:2406.11889 for another instance.

Quantum master equations are an invaluable tool to model the dynamics of a plethora of microscopic systems, ranging from quantum optics and quantum information processing to energy and charge transport, electronic and nuclear spin resonance, photochemistry, and more. This tutorial offers a concise and pedagogical introduction to quantum master equations, accessible to a broad, cross-disciplinary audience. The reader is guided through the basics of quantum dynamics with hands-on examples that increase in complexity. These methods are illustrated with code snippets in python and other languages as a starting point for more sophisticated implementations.

Carrasquilla, Juan. Machine Learning for Quantum Matter. arXiv:2003.11040. This entry by a Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Toronto mathematical physicist is a current example of the cross-integration of deep cerebral learning techniques with both classical physics and quantum domains.

Quantum matter, the research field studying material phases whose properties are intrinsically quantum mechanical, draws from areas as diverse as condensed matter physics, materials science, statistical mechanics, quantum information, quantum gravity, and large-scale numerical simulations. Here we review the recent adaptation of machine learning ideas for quantum matter studies, ranging from algorithms that recognize conventional and topological states in synthetic and experimental data, to quantum states in terms of neural networks and quantum many-body physics. (Abstract excerpt)

Chen, Lei, et al. Metallic Quantum Criticality enabled by Flat Bands in a Kagome Lattice. arXiv:2307.09431. This frontier work by a Rice University research group about a robust preference for critical states across phenomena is reviewed more in the lead Ecode section.

Chiara, Maria Luisa Dalla, et al. Preface: Special Issue on Quantum, Logic and Music. Soft Computing. 21/6, 2017. An introduction by Italian and Dutch physicists as this 21st century integral revolution proceeds to unite universe and human. Some entries are Quantum Approach to Epistemic Semantics, Modelling Tonal Hierarchies, Interval Cycles and Quantum Probabilities, and The Rhythm of Quantum Algorithms. Across the universe, we each and all sing in accord and tune from one cosmic hymnal. See also From Quantum Information to Musical Semantics (2013) by the lead editor noted above.

Chin, Alex, et al. Chain Representations of Open Quantum Systems. Uli Wurfel, et al, eds. Quantum Efficiency in Complex Systems. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2011. This Volume 85 in Semiconductors and Semimetals is subtitled “From Molecular Aggregates to Organic Solar Cells.” In this chapter, University of Ulm physicists Chin, with Susana Huelga and Martin Plenio, find the “dynamical behavior of interacting open quantum systems” to be in formative effect in many macro areas. Renormalization group methods help out, which augurs for general principles at work. And to reflect, what phenomenal agency are we selves to be able to learn and carry forth such brilliance?

Chitambar, Eric and Gilad Gour. Quantum Resource Theories. Reviews of Modern Physics. 91/025001, 2019. This paper by University of Illinois and University of Calgary physicists was first posted at arXiv:1806.06107 and has since been often referred to along with its title phrase as an insightful, frontier advance. For a major update and synthesis see Physicists Rewrite the Fundamental Law that Leads to Disorder by Philip Ball in Quanta (May 26, 2022).

Quantum resource theories (QRTs) offer a versatile framework for studying phenomena in quantum physics. From quantum entanglement to computation, resource theories can quantify a desirable effect, develop protocols for its detection, and optimize its use. A general QRT partitions quantum states into groups of free states and of resource states. Free states are quantum operations arising from natural restrictions placed on the physical system that force its operations to act invariantly. As a result, objects that appear distinct on the surface, such as entanglement and quantum reference frames, appear to have much similarity on a deeper structural level. (Abstract excerpt)

Coecke, Bob, ed. New Structures for Physics. Berlin: Springer, 2010. Into the 21st century as quantum realms become reconceived and accessible via complexity theories, which in turn implies that macro-classical phases such as linguistics have quantum-like qualities, a novel appreciation of iterative natural topologies can occur. This tome broadly joins dynamic computational, mathematic, physical, and information aspects, which the Oxford University editor is well versed in. A typical chapter is Compact Monoidal Categories from Linguistic to Physics by Jim Lambek, along with Physics, Topology, Logic and Computation: A Rosetts Stone by John Baez and Mike Stay. An evident synthesis of quanta and geometry implies a self-similar reality spanned by “networks of analogies” from universe to human. Please view Rosetta Cosmos for more papers by this group about an innately textual milieu.

By now there is an extensive network of interlocking analogies between physics, topology, logic and computer science. They suggest that research in the area of common overlap is actually trying to build a new science: a general science of systems and processes. Building this science will be very difficult (because) different fields use different terminology and notation. The original Rosetta Stone, created in 196 BC, contains versions of the same text in three languages: demotic Egyptian, hieroglyphic script and classical Greek. At present, the deductive systems in mathematical logic look like hieroglyphs to most physicists. Similarly, quantum field theory is Greek to most computer scientists, and so on. So, there is a need for a new Rosetta Stone to aid researchers attempting to translate between fields. (97, Baez & Stay)

Dalla Chiara, Maria Luisa, et al, eds. Quantum Computation and Logic. International: Springer, 2018. The editors are MLDC, University of Florence, Roberto Giuniti and Giuseppe Sergioli, University of Cagliari, and Roberto Leporini, University of Bergamo. We cite because the volume well conveys 21st century ways that micro quantum phenomena is gaining novel properties with an affinity with macro “classical” phases. An informational essence lends to algorithmic exercises, logic circuits and onto linguistic and musical compositions.

Datta, Chandan, et al. Catalysis of entanglement and other quantum resources. Reports on Progress in Physics. 86/11, 2023. Quantum Optical Technologies, University of Warsaw physicists CD, Tulja Varun Kondra1, Marek Miller1 and Alexander Streltsov review past notices of this deeply evident propensity and then describe its latest theoretical basis along with thermodynamic aspects and applications. This observation is significant because it fills in a constant presence of such self-activating properties across every phenomenal domain. And as other diverse papers are now moved to state, a true natural universality is truly being discovered.

In chemistry, a catalyst is a substance which enables a chemical reaction or increases its rate, while remaining unchanged in the process. Instead of chemical reactions, quantum catalysis can enhance our ability to convert quantum states into each other under physical constraints. This article reviews new developments in quantum catalysis along with a historical overview of this research direction. We focus on catalytic entanglement and coherence, quantum thermodynamics and resource theories. We then review applications and recent efforts on a universal catalysis which does not depend on the states to be transformed. (Abstract)

Today, chemical catalysis is broadly used in the chemical industry and is essential for many industrial processes. In addition, the importance of catalytic reactions in biochemistry cannot be overstated: to the point that the ability of living organisms to “catalyse chemical reactions efficiently and selectively” via metabolic pathways could be called one of the “fundamental conditions for life. Quantum catalysis is conceptually similar to chemical catalysis but differs from it in several important details. A simple analogy between quantum and chemical catalysis can be established by replacing “chemical reaction” with “quantum state transition”. With this, a quantum catalyst is a quantum system which enables otherwise impossible transitions between quantum states. (1)

Deutsch, Ivan. Harnessing the Power of the Second Quantum Revolution. PRX Quantum. 1/020101, 2020. In this new APS journal, the director of the University of New Mexico’s Center for Quantum Information and Control describes how 2ist century informative and technical advances driven by incentives for faster computational abilities, copious data streams and more have led to a realization, in contrast to a 20th century opacity, that a radical familiar, treatable understanding and avail of this deepest realm is now going forward.

The second quantum revolution has been built on a foundation of fundamental research at the intersection of physics and information science, giving rise to a quantum information science (QIS). The quest for new knowledge and understanding drove the development of second-wave quantum technologies, including computers, sensors, and communication systems. Under what conditions then can we well apply quantum complexity and for what potential applications? Here I review how curiosity-driven research has led to radical new theories and technologies essential for further progress. (Abstract excerpt)

Dowling, Ned, et al. Process Tree: Efficient Representation of Quantum Processes with Complex Long-Range Memory. arXiv:2312.04624. We post this entry by five Monash University physicists as another instance of how open for business, amenable and malleable this deepest domain has become, akin to all the above, for our apparent Earthwise take up and over intentional continuance.

We introduce quantum non-Markovian processes dubbed process trees that exhibit polynomial temporal correlations and memory distributed across time scales. This class is described by a tensor network with tree-like geometry whose components are causality-preserving maps and locality-preserving scale transformations. Importantly, this class allows efficient computation of multi-time correlation functions. Their potential utility for numerical simulation of physical models can be shown by the strong memory dynamics of the spin-boson model, in terms of multitime features. Our work serves the development of efficient numerical techniques in the field of strongly interacting open quantum systems, as well as a temporal renormalization group scheme. (Excerpt)

Dvali, Gia. Critically Excited States with Enhanced Memory and Pattern Recognition Capacities in Quantum Brain Networks: Lessons from Black Holes. arXiv:1711.09079. We select this entry by the Ludwig Maximilian University and MPI Physics researcher from a steady stream on this site and in journals of theoretical finesses of a wide ranging affinity, to say the least, between cerebral acuities and this celestial curiosity. The idea stretches the imagination, but fits well into growing realizations as we report here that everything from universe to human in essential way repeats and exemplifies an iconic cosmome and quantome to genome, neurome and culturome quickening genesis. See also Black Hole Based Quantum computing in Labs and in the Sky at 1601.01329, and Black Holes as Brains: Neural Networks with Area Low Entropy at 1801.03918.

We implement a mechanism - originally proposed as a model for the large memory storage capacity of black holes - in quantum neural networks and show that an exponentially increased capacity of pattern storage and recognition is achieved in certain critically excited states. These states are achieved thanks to the high excitation levels of some of the neurons, which dramatically lower the response threshold of the remaining weaker-excited neurons. As a result, the latter neurons acquire a capacity to store an exponentially large number of patterns within a narrow energy gap. The stored patterns can be recognized and retrieved with perfect response under the influence of arbitrarily soft input stimuli. The lesson is that the state with the highest micro-state entropy and memory storage capacity is not necessarily a local minimum of energy, but rather an excited critical state. The considered phenomenon has a smooth classical limit and can serve for achieving an enhanced memory storage capacity in classical brain networks. (Abstract excerpt)

Black holes and human brains are the two creations of nature that are extremely efficient storers of information. It is a legitimate question to ask whether these two seemingly remote systems share some fundamental mechanism for increased capacity of information storage. (1) Moreover, the above mechanism of the enhanced information storage capacity was shown to be operative in ordinary quantum systems, with bosonic qudits with attractive (excitatory) connections. Such a system effectively represents a quantum “brain” of sharply enhanced memory capacity, in which patterns can be encoded and retrieved at an arbitrarily small energy cost. (1)

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