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I. Our Planatural Edition: A 21st Century PhiloSophia, Earthropo Ecosmic PediaVersionC. An Earthumanity Era: A 2020s Global Cognizance Achieves a Knowsphere by Her/His Bicameral Self Grudic, Michael, et al. Does God Play Dice with Star Clusters?. arXiv:2307.00052.. We especially record this entry by Carnegie Observatories, UT Austin, Harvard Smithsonian, Northwestern University, and CalTech astrophysicsists including Stella Offner and Philip Hopkins because of an answer to this profound galactic question. By way of a mathematical finesse of a deep physical lawfulness, an intrinsic non-random process does seem to arrange and order natural stellar activities. As the second quote says, these findings were once masked by prior stochastic viewpoints, but have now become evident. So into 2023 might we Earthlings begin to realize that an innate provenance exist on its procreative own? It is common to assume that stellar masses are independently and identically distributed according to some population known as the universal initial mass function (IMF). However, stellar masses resulting from causal, long-ranged physics cannot be truly random and independent. To compare stochastic sampling with a physical model, we run a suite of 100 STARFORGE radiation magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of low-mass star cluster formations. In a sequence, massive stars start accreting sooner and finish later on average star. Therefore stochastic sampling may describe the end result fairly well, if the correct IMF -- and its environment-dependent upper cutoff -- are known. (Excerpt) Hausmann, Markus, e al. Laterality Entering the Next Decade: The 25th Anniversary of a Journal Devoted to Asymmetries of Brain, Behavior and Cognition. Laterality. 26/3, 2021. We cite this review/preview entry by Durham University (MH), Victoria University of Wellington (Gina Grinshaw) and University of New England, Australia (Lesley Rogers, search) scholars as a way in this late year to record the robust verification that has appeared on these scientific journal pages of an optimum bicameral asymmetry at each and every evolutionary phase and instance. As the citations note, and this resource documents, its vital occasion can be seen in effect from atomic light to (in)vertebrate animal organism all the ascendant way to our exemplary human faculties. Into these fraught 2020s, such an actual discovery of a natural complementarity between node - link, DNA – AND, dot – connect, me – We = US archetypes can now be achieved. As a result, it could at last bring these innate reciprocal attributes to inform and resolve political, engendered, combative, warlord cultures worldwide. In regard, Laterality remains the only journal of its kind dedicated to gather and report and this once and future Yang + Yin = Taome optimum poise. In 1996, Phil Bryden, Mike Corballis, and Chris McManus released the first issue of Laterality. These founding editors pointed out in their editorial how surprisingly long it took to have a journal devoted entirely to laterality, its unanswered questions and wide-ranging problems. They mentioned left-right asymmetries inside sub-atomic structures, the pharmacology of chiral molecules, anatomical asymmetries of the viscera, Broca's discovery of the left-brain dominance in language production, and so on. One-hundred and twenty-eight issues later, Laterality celebrates with a special Issue: Laterality research entering the next decade. It opens with an opinion paper by Sebastian Ocklenburg, et al which outlines ten trends going forward into the 2020s. (Excerpts)
Holford, Mande and Benjamin Normark.
Integrating the Life Sciences to Jumpstart the Next Decade of Discover.
Integrative & Comparative Biology.
61/6,
2021.
Hunter College and UM Amherst biologists introduce this special edition of 29 papers which relate to the new National Science Foundation Big Ideas initiative: Understanding the Rules of Life. As we note, this 2020s span (along with its trauma and tragedy) seems to be a singular moment when many scientific fields from quantum and evolutionary to societal and cosmic have reached an epic phase of convergent synthesis. A strong, steady theme can then be seen to course through these entries. Living systems, in both their Earthly development and organismic function, are found to be distinguished by nested networks which join all their cellular, modular, communal scalar domains. With this overall frame in place, researchers can now go on to discern a common pattern and process which recurs in kind at every spatial and temporal instance. NSF’S Big Ideas: Understanding the Rules of Life Life on our planet is arranged in levels of organization ranging from the molecular scale through to the biosphere. There exists a remarkable amount of complexity in the interactions within and between these levels of organization and across scales of time and space. The NSF Rules of Life Big Idea seeks to enable discoveries to better understand such interactions and identify causal, predictive relationships across these scales. Hsieh, Shannon, et al.. The Phanerozoic Aftermath of the Cambrian Information Revolution. Paleobiology. 48/3, 2022. Akin to Cellular Self-Organization: An Overdrive in Cambrian Diversity by Filip Vujovic, et al in BioEssays (July 2022), University of Illinois, Chicago and University of Connecticut paleoecologists including Roy Plotnick achieve a similar perception of rapid, wide-spread cerebral and cognitive advances as organic forms suddenly leapt forward from simpler stages. Many studies from the Burgess Shale to Devonian phases of “nervous system complexities” provided an empirical basis. As a result, a graphic radiation can be sketched from no CNS to ganglia onto a relative brain. In their rare purview, soma and sensory together are seen to constitute life’s radical emergent, quicker transition (on its way to our late planetary reconstruction). (See V. Evolution for more) Jafari, Sajad, et al. Collective Behavior of Nonlinear Dynamical Oscillators. European Physical Journal Special Topics. December, 2022. Teheran Polytechnic and Changzhou University physicists introduce, survey, and summarize a collection of 35 entries herein and elsewhere about the recently quantified presence of a universal propensity to seek and reside at an optimum dynamic, reciprocal condition. Some technical papers are Complete Synchronization Analysis of a Neocortical Network Model, Impact of Repulsive Coupling in Exhibiting Distinct Collective Dynamical States, and Dynamics and Chimera State in a Neural Network with Memristor Coupling as researchers try to define and express this favored feature. And we also wish to record that while Iran, China along with the USA, Russia and everywhere else is in total chaos, such current findings yet remain unknown, not supposed to exist, cut off and unable to contribute this phenomenal resolve.
Jagiello, Robert, et al.
Tradition and Invention: The Bifocal Stance Theory of Cultural Evolution.
Behavioral and Brain Sciences.
April,
2022.
Senior Oxford University anthropologists RJ, Cecilia Heyes and Harvey Whitehouse contribute a uniquely insightful, thorough revision of prior, vested theories of human societal emergence. Their survey of recent quantified research reveals a consistent occasion of dual, distinct, complementary preferences as the actual dynamic form and driver of homo sapiens culture. Their novel model proceeds to broadly identify these archetypal modes as continuity and change, conserve and create, a past or future emphasis, a long typical list ensues. In clever regard, they coin a Bifocal Stance Theory (BST), akin to balanced but bilateral eyesight clarity, which similarly appears in (Earthropological) effect across all manner of humankind habitations. Cultural evolution depends on both innovation (new cultural variants by accident or design) and high-fidelity transmission (which preserves our accumulated knowledge). What is required is an overarching theory encompassing both dimensions? The Bifocal Stance Theory (BST) proposes that the co-existence of innovative change and stable tradition results from an avail of two different motivational stances at once. The BST framework sheds new light on the cognitive underpinnings of cumulative cultural change, selection, and spread within an encompassing evolutionary framework. (Abstract excerpt) Jusup, Marko, et al. Social Physics. arXiv:2110.01866. In a paper to appear in Physics Reports, a 16 member team with postings in Japan, Croatia, China, the USA, Luxembourg, the UK, Singapore, Germany, Russia, Italy, Spain, Austria. Slovenia and Taiwan including Petter Holme, Stefano Boccaletti and Matjaz Perc achieves a thorough survey of this (re)union project from its 18th century inklings (Auguste Comte, et al) to our pewawnr worldwise retrospective observance. Twelve chapters over 358 pages proceed from Urban Dynamics, and Econophysics to Pandemics and Climate Phenomena and topics such as polarization, tipping points, biodiversity, neighborhoods, mobility, deep learning AI, and multiplex connectivities. As we peoples may gain a global vista on an evident course from a substantial universe to our evident witness and participation, how might it at last dawn as grand universe to Earthuman discovery? Recent years have seen a rise in the use of physics-inspired methods as a way to resolve diverse societal problems. Such an effort is due to physicists venturing beyond their usual field, but also by other scientists who wish to gain a deeper basis. Here, we dub this nascent endeavor as a "social physics." We first review the modern way of living that enables humankind's prosperous existence such as urban development, vehicular traffic, financial markets, civil cooperation, societal networks, and the integration of intelligent machines. We then move on to consider potential threats to like criminal behaviour, massive migrations, contagions, environmental issues, and finally climate change. Their coverage ends with ideas for future resolve. After some 360 pages and 1148 references we conclude that this integrative synthesis across this widest expanse seems quite promising. (Abstract excerpt) Kelso, Scott. On the Coordination Dynamics of (animate) Moving Bodies. Journal of Physics: Complexity. 3/3, 2022. The veteran Florida Atlantic University complexity theorist (search) posts a synoptic review of this collegial endeavor from the 1990s to discern and articulate such perceived, natural, intrinsic forces as they give rise to personal and planetary agency. The paper opens with prior inklings to Isaac Newton, James Maxwell, and Erwin Schrodinger to set a conceptual scenario. Into our 2020’s, a novel quantification of these constant synergies (symbioses) can be factored to brace and explain. Kelso then notes prime study areas going forward to further distinguish and empower life’s innate, reciprocating ascendance. See also A Blueprint for the Study of the Brain’s Spatiotemporal Patterns by Emmanuelle Tognoli, Danielia Benites and S. Kelso at arXiv:2106.00637 Coordination comes in many guises and represents one of the most striking, but least understood features of living things. The different forms that coordination takes and how it emerges and changes are of great interest to the social and behavioral sciences, neuroscience, psychology, biology and physics itself. Inspired originally by theories of self-organization in open, nonequilibrium systems, coordination studies seek to understand such patterns at many scales and for multiple functions in living things. Here we review some of the key concepts of along with recent developments and posit ten tenets that may guide further understanding. (Abstract excerpt) Kocoglu, Cemile, et al. How Network-based Approaches can Complement Identification Studies in Frontotemporal Dementia. Trends in Genetics. 38/9, 2022. We cite this entry by University of Antwerp neurologists to notably record an integral turn beyond 20th century point gene - malady attributions. In this way medical diagnoses can include all the equally real interinking topologies (maybe GRN-like) as a causal factor for these cerebral deficits. An initial review of this overdue movement is Network Medicine: Complex Systems in Human Disease and Therapeutics by Joseph Loscalso, Albert-Laszlo Baribasi and Edwin Silverman (Harvard UP, 2017) which introduces this vital advance but its content has not been availed for brains until now. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a primary cause of dementia over a broad range of clinical phenotypes and cellular pathologies. Genetic discoveries in FTD have occurred in well-known extended families. In the context of complex diseases, it is hypothesized that mutations with reduced penetrance or a combination of low-effect size variants with environmental factors drive disease. In this review, we examine gene discovery approaches in FTD and introduce network biology concepts as tools to assist gene identification studies in genetically complex disease. (Abstract) Kuppers, Bernd-Olaf. The Language of Living Matter: How Molecules Acquire Meaning. International: Springer Frontiers, 2022. This latest, significant work by the University of Jena natural philosopher and long colleague of Manfred Eigen (search each) is an opus summary of his lifetime endeavor to articulate a more viable explanation of how life began and developed as an oriented evolution. Into the 2020s a considerable finding is reached that a linguistic, informative ability and content appears to be nature’s most distinctive quality. In regard, a strong affirmation to date of a double occasion with a textual, biomolecular, genetic-like narrative from universe to humanverse is achieved. We include several quotes to convey its contribution. This book by an eminent philosopher provides strong evidence for the claim that language is a general principle of Nature, rooted deeply in physical and chemical laws. The author’s central concept then leads us to view the essence, origin and evolution of life in a completely new way. To justify this far-reaching idea, the book takes a long and deep look at our scientific thinking, at language as such, and at science’s methods, unity, limits and perspectives. These concerns and resolves are covered in six thematically self-contained chapters, rounded off by an epilogue that introduces the new topic of Nature’s semantics. The range of issues covered is a testimony to how progress in the life sciences is transforming the whole edifice of science, from physics to biology and beyond. (Publisher) Kverkova, Kristina, et al. The Evolution of Brain Neuron Numbers in Amniotes. PNAS. 119/11, 2022. Charles University, Prague paleo-neuroscientists deftly reconstruct the evolution of brain neuron number across an entire range of Metazoa species and found that after fish and reptiles, birds and mammals have much larger quantities in cerebral areas meant for higher cognition. It is noted that several major changes in neuron brain scaling in the past 300 million years indeed appear to be oriented to an increasing degree of intelligence. The group effort has achieved the strongest evidence to date of how life’s emergent sensory stirrings can be known to have this central edification. The paper has vivid illustrations of relative creaturely advances in body and brain anatomies, which well evince a grand learning experience. A reconstruction of the evolution of brain information-processing capacity is vital to understandings the rise of complex cognition. Comparative studies long used brain size as a proxy. However, to get a better sense of paths leading to high intelligence, power, we need to compare brains by large datasets of computational neurons. We find Amniote brain evolution to be tracked by four major shifts in neuron–brain scaling. The most dramatic increases in brain neurons occurred independently with the appearance of birds and mammals. The other two rises in neuron numbers happened in core land birds and anthropoid primates, known for their cognitive prowess. (Abstract excerpt)
Lewton, Thomas.
She Turns Fluids into “Black Holes” and “Inflating Universes.”.
Quanta.
December 12,
2022.
A science writer profiles the British physicist Silke Weinfurtner about her frontier research conceptions that a deep intrinsic similarity distinguishes an infinite affinity across expansive natural and social domains. In specific regard, the same equations that describe flowing water on Earth necessarily hold for cosmic fluid dynamics. The common feature is seen as akin to “analogous gravity” theories of William Unruh from the 1970s, which have now have gained a valid credibility. For two decades, Silke Weinfurtner, a physicist at the University of Nottingham in the United Kingdom, has been designing “analogue gravity” experiments using fluids that mimic systems like black holes and the early universe. For example, she has detected sound waves in fluids that resemble Hawking radiation — the subtle heat emitted by black holes that holds deep implications for what happens to information in the universe. Another fluid effect she studies mimics how the seeds of cosmic structure were sown in the first moments after the Big Bang.
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